Results
- After reweighting for stratified propensity scores, the total population consisted of 42,953 patients
- Patient baseline characteristics are shown in Table 1
Table 1. Baseline patient characteristics
aReweighted pseudo-population based on stratified exposure high-dimensional propensity score. Calculation of propensity scores and reweighting was repeated to create balance within each subgroup. bInfrequent exacerbation history was defined as 0 inpatient and 0–1 outpatient events in the preceding year. cFrequent exacerbation history was defined as ≥1 inpatient and/or ≥2 outpatient events in the preceding year.
Risk of escalation to triple therapya, COPD exacerbationb and pneumonia requiring hospitalizationc with T/O versus LABA/ICS
aEscalation to triple therapy was defined as any record indicating FDC triple therapy or the addition of ICS to T/O, or a LAMA to LABA/ICS. bCOPD exacerbation was defined as COPD-related hospitalization or emergency department visit for COPD, and/or prescription of an antibiotic on the same day as an oral corticosteroid. cPneumonia was defined as hospitalization for community-acquired pneumonia.
Patients on T/O had a lower risk of escalation to triple therapy, COPD exacerbation and pneumonia versus patients on LABA/ICS.
Risk of an adverse outcome (escalation to triple therapy, or exacerbation, or pneumonia) with T/O versus LABA/ICS
Patients on T/O were less likely to experience an adverse outcome versus patients on LABA/ICS.
Abbreviations: CCI, Charles Comorbidity Index; CI, confidence interval; FDC, fixed-dose combination; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; IR, incidence rate; LABA, long-acting β2-agonist; LAMA, long-acting muscarinic antagonist; SD, standard deviation; T/O, tiotropium/olodaterol.